Shock absorber



B. L. MALLORY 1,769,444

SHOCK ABSORBER July 1, 1930.

Filed Nov. 20, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet l July 1, 1930. a. L. MALLORY,1,769,444

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Nov. 20, 1924 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 III July 1, 1930.B. L.IMAILLORY4 1,769,444

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Nov. 20, 1924 a shuts-shut 3 The primary object ofthe present inven- Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the hub'porinventionconsists in'the various novel fe'aand 12*,and this slot is adaptedto're'ceive 5O 'hicle chassis; Fig.2 is a vertical sectional sections ispreferably formed from sheet v Patented July 1,1930 r r v UNITED STATESEN vpop-7hr](up BONNIE L. MALLORY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO SHOCK ABSORBERApplicationfiled November 20, 1824. Serial No. 750,970.

This invention relates to shock absorbing View taken onthe 'line' 2-2 ofFig.3; Fig. devices and has particular reference-to a 3 is a verticalsectional view corresponding device for controlling the reboundaction-of to the line'3 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a perspeca vehiclespring. I tive view of one of the brake drum sections;

. tion is to provide a shock absorbing device tion'of my shock'absorbingdevice; Fig. 6 is which shall include a coil spring that noraperspective viewjof oneof the pins for remally maintains a tension on abelt which taining the casing sect-ions together; Fig. 7 is connects thedevice with i the running gear a perspective view of one-of the strapswhich 10 of the Vehicle, so that when the running cooperates with thepin shown in Figg 6;

gear and vehicle frame move toward each Fig. 8 is a vertical sectionalview showing other, the spring will serve to take up the two of myshockabsorbing devices mounted slack in the belt. and as the runninggear in tandem; and Fig. 9'is a detail sectional and vehicle frameseparate, such separation view of the supporting assembly for tlie tan-15 will be against the tension of the spring and dem arrangement shownin Fig. 8.

also against the tensionof a brake which Describingthe various parts byreference shall be automaticallyapplied. characters, '1 denotes a studor shaft which Another object is" to provide a device of supports mydevice. This stud or shaft is this character which shall be composedprovided atone end witha reduced threadlargely ofsheet metal stampings,thereby ed portion 2' that is adapted to project reducing the cost ofconstruction to a minithrough a suitable aperture 3 in a vehicle mum andgreatly facilitating the 'manufacframe 4. A nut 5'threaded on thereduced tureof these devices. end 2 serves to fasten the'shaft 1 fto-theA still further object is to provide a shock frame and a lock'nut 6retains the'parts in 5 absorbing device which willbe entirelyenposition. The opposite end of the shaft 1 closed and hence weatherproof and dust is reduced as in dicated'at 7 and is provided proof andwhich 'may be easily lubricated with an internally threaded bore 8; I i

' from the exterior .so that the various parts hub 9, as shown in detailin Fig. 5, is of the device may be fiooded'with grease rotatablymountedonthe reduced end 7,

to insure easy and efiicient operation'thereof. and this hub is'provided with a hexagonal so A' still further object is toprovide a de-"shaped end portion 10, a circular bearing vice of the aforesaidch'aracter which may be portion 11, an enlarged hexagonal portionad-justed to vary the tension of the recoil 12,1anda-circular'portion'13. -The oppositespring and therebyadjust the device to variend portionof the hub is provided with a ous weight vehicles, or which may beeasily hexagonal portion 12 and a reduced circumounted in tandem for"use with exception- 'lar bearing portion 11 similar to the correallyheavy vehicles such 'asfire apparatus sponding partsl2 and 11zfAlongitudinal and trucks. i groove ld extends through" the centralpor-With these and other'objects in view, the tion- 9 and through hexagonalportions 12 tures of construction and arrangement or and-retain theinnerend offa coilspring 15, "combination, all of which willbe fully as asclearly shown in Fig.2.' The "opposite scribed hereinafter and;pointedout in the end of this spring is bent upwardly "and appendedclaims. I y i' backwardly to define a hooked'portion l'? Inthed-rawingsaccompanying andform- =which is adapted to beengaged' in any'of a ing a partfof this application Fig. 1 isa side plurality ofapertures 18 formed in a brake elevation of a shockabsorbing deviceconband 19.. This brake band is engaged about structed inaccordance withmy invention a brake drum which'is composed of two sec- 7 and showingthe same m'ounted upon afvetions 20 and 21. Each of these brake druin 3metal and is provided with a hexagonal as to receive the hook shapedends 51 of a shaped central aperture 22, a central disk U-shaped strap52 that is adapted to eX- portion 23, which merges into an outwardlytend transversely across the outer perlphery fiared'port'ion 24. Theoutwardly'fiared porof the casing. These straps together with tion 24%merges intoan annular side wall 25 their hook shaped ends 51cooperate'with the whichuis turned over to define the brake end portions50, of the pins32 52 to drum properdesignated at .26. {Thebrake securelyretain the. casingsectionstogether. drum section '20 is mounted upon thehexag- The strap 52 which engages with pin 32 ona'l portion 12- ofthe'hub and the brake is enlarged so as to be secured to one end of adrum section 21 is mountedupon the corre a belt 54 that is'disposedabout the casing 75 spondin'g hexagonal portion 12 thereof and jand hasthe opposite end thereof fastened it willbe noted that when these "drumsec in a'y', suitable manner about the vehicle tionsare-in position,they are arranged' in' runningv gear ndicated generally at 55. spacedrelationiso that the outer hooked per-,1 In assembling the device abovedescribed, tion ofthe spring 15 may project out? v i the coil spring 15is placed under a suitable 1 wardlywtherebetween.a v 7 tensionInnretainedunder such tension by.

q w-The opposite end of; e brakeband 1 9 is ,nieans ofv metal-ban W 13 63 5 fitted withsa sheet ;metal;, anchor piece. cuniferentiallythereabout and whlchis pro- 7 bent n onitselfito define a. tubuvidedwith aligning apertures 61in the over- ;;1arf portion}, hisendof-thebrake band lapping endsg; .thereotl. "The hooked outer fisanchored tothe casingpjenclosingthe ,de-f end 1,? of [theispring isengaged throughvice by means-10f a pin. 3 which'extends apertures (i l which looks thisband about transverselytherethrough, i 3 thespri-ng, The bandGOispreferably made The casin which encloses;the deviceis of'brassso as oprovide a bearing surface,

composed 0 two sheet metal cup shaped betweenthe spring and innersurit'ac esof the gm sections 34;and which are adapted tobrake drums,This bandialsoserves'to close "telescope one within the other, as shownin the opening betweenthebrake drum sections Fig. 3. jEachlof thesesections is fittedat ads-pointed onthereinaftenand it alsopervitscenter;with a bushing 3 6whichis adaptrnitsthe coilspring tobeplaced under a V edto engage upontherespective reduced cirsuitable;tension beforeassembling thereby l 0111M: portions ll and ll? of the hubThe facilitating thehandling and assembling of bushings ina'ybegconveniently retained in the-springinthedevice- :l U i the housing'sectionsby pr ding each bush- Thebrake drum se t'on 20'is, positionedlng wlth rqill l l gro ve Tandlby spinon thehub so astoseat onthe'hexagonal of eachhousing section portion 12,.afterwhich thecoilspring ah mg l V v Yready under tension, is pslip ed ontthefhub r V tunit is retained on thereso that the inner end thereo engages in slotduceden'dZ of the shaft 1 and lockedtherel4, whereupon the other brakedrumsecby means, ofa stud i0 which is threaded tion 21jis" seated onhexagonal portionI l2. to"the internallyithreaded bore" 8, This Asshownin Fig. Btheband 6O normally m formed witha cylindricalportion 4L1closes the space between "the, bralkefdrrnn adaptedto s'nuglygengagetheintersections. The 'brakeQband '19, is nextlposioregof the }hub,anjdthe-outer endof tioned' ab'outthe brake-drums'sogthat theudispreferably medwith awrench hookeden'd'l'i of the springis engaged inreceiving portioneil o that-the saine inay oneoftheapertures18fornied;therein,idebe tightened against the, outer, end of shaftpen'dingupon thewei'ght of the canon which 8 the stud 4:0 is.fprothedeviceistobe installed, If the carlis 3rextending longitudinalheavy,thehooked e'ndl'Z is'engaged in one v o thatilubricantifiiayibeinofthe-apertures 18 that is nearer the oppoough an Aleniite orothersuitfsit'e end 30 of the brake band while,l.for very 1'15 nnection 4Athreaded in the-outer-end light weight cars,' the hooked en :17 may Xthereof TheLlubri'cant entering bore 43 is be engaged in an aperturelSnearerft ejiree re'adedloore 8,-and ron1; end oii--thebrake band. Thecasing section "boreja 4:5inthefreduced isnowoslipped onthe'cylindricaliportionand hencethrongh' i 11, ofthehuh and thefothervcasing section stalled on a' vehicle by slipping t e hub on 13astud s is tight'ened'tolock the'hub and unit to the shaft. 1, suchtightening being facilitated by holding the hub in adjusted positionwith a 'wrenchengaged on hexagonal portion thereof While thestudisrotated I by means of a wrenchengagedf on the head f .Vhen'the carstrikes'a bump or depres' sion in the road causing the vehiclerunning'gear to approach the frame, the coil spring l5 being under tension,tendsto expand and thereby rotate the brake band-19 which'in turnexerts apull on pin 32 andhence rotates the casing sections 3 1 and to windstroke of the vehicle spring, wh'en'it is necessary to control thespring'action, the vehicle running gear moves awayfrom the vehicle frameI} and exerts pull on belt 5%. This pull is transmitted through pin 32to I the brake band19'to snugly engage the same about thebrake'drumfsections.

, g Theopposite end of the brake band 19 being connected to the outerhooked end 17 ofthe coil: spring 15 is resiliently held and hence theaction ofthe brake band 19. on the brake drum sectionsis gradual atfirst but increases as theirotational effect of the device increases,due tothe increase in tension of the-spring 15. g 7 I h i i In Figs, 8and'9l have shown a modified form of construction which" is designedpar-Yticularly for very heavy vehicles suchas fire apparatus, trucks andsimilar vehicles,

-The construction of t the shock "absorbing units is .essent1allythesameas'prevlously described except that'in the present instance thesupporting shaft l is considerably elongated so as to accommodate thetwo hub portions 9 The pins 32 and 32? which retainthe telescopinghousing sections'iA and 35 in position, are also considerably longer soas'to extend througlithe increased Width of the device. The straps52 and52v are also of increased length to takecare of 'the' increased width ofthe tandem'device. The tandem device is controlled as a unit "by; a'single belt 56% which engagediabo ut the outer circumferential surfaceof the fhiousin g sections.

The operation ofthis tandem nnit is iden- 5 l tical with that previouslydescribed, it being I understood, of course,'that thepull in eitherdirection on the belt 54 is substantially twice that of thesingle unitpreviously de i fscribedj Having thus described my invention, what I Iclaiinisz' I 5 1. A -slioclrabsorbing device comprising a hub adaptedto'beconne'ctedtoa vehicle chassis, a coil spring disposed about said huband having one end fastened thereto, a

brake drum enclosing said spring, a brake band disposedabout said drumand connected to said spring, a-casing enclosing said sections'fittedtosaid hub and normally enclosing said spring, a brake band disposed aboutsaid drum sections, and connected to said spring, and means'fo-rconnecting said brake band, with the vehicle running ,gear. up theslackin 'b'elt'5 i, on the rebound i 3. A shock absorbingdevice'coinprising a tions fitted to said hub and normally-en closingsaid spring, abrake vband disposed about saiddruin sections and havingan end portion connectedto the outer end of said spring, a casingenclosing said brake drum sections, means connecting the oppositeend of'said'brake band to said casi1ig,and a' b'elt' disposedabout said casingand having one end adapted to be connectedkto the 've'hic e runnin earand the opposite endconnected to said casing.

4:; A'shock' absorbing device comprising a shaft adapted to be connectedto: avehicle chassis, ahub detachably connected to 1 said shaft, acoilspring having its" inner 'end connect-ed tosaid hubfa pair of brakedrum sections fitted'to saidhuband normally enclosing said spring,a'brake band disp o'sed' about said drum sections, means .adjustablyconnecting saidbandwith the outer end of said 'spr1ng,ga caslngencloslng said brake drum sections, a-connection between the opedtothevehicle running'gearp 5 15. A shock absorbing device comprising ashaft adapted to be connected to a'vehicle chassis,'a hubdetachablyconnected to said shaft, a coil spring having itsinnerend connected tosaid-hub, a pairof brake drunisections fitted to said hub and normallyenclos- "ing said spring, a bearing member "inter: c

posed between said spring-"and said druini sections, a brake'banddisposed about} said drum' 'sections, means adju'stably connectingsaid'band with-tlievouter end ofsaidspring,

a casing enclosing-saidbrake drum sections,

a connection between' the opposite end- 0f said brake band ands'aidcasing, and a belt co'nnlected to and disposedabout said c'asing 1 i ewsrotatably supported upon the stud and consisting; of opposed:interengaging sections, pins extended through the opposed sectionsadjacent the periphery of the casing and at points spaced apartcircumferentially of the 70 casing, connection'sbetweenthe opposite endof the aforesaid" spring and one of said 5 provide a Weather y, v 7pins, clips applied to theIeXteriorlof the v casing, a single flexibleinemb'r {secured to, casing and having their, ends secured to the andadapted ,toibe connected to. the vehicle a g w i U ing adapted to=vehicle chassis, and comg y; 9f1' h k a circuinferentially about thecasing and having its opposite ends attached respectively to one of said.clipsand to the other of the aforesaid members, and means inside thesash off-j said'f shockliabsorbing. units and a e element andvconnectionbetween saidfiexib] the vehicle running gear n v shockabsorbing device adapted to be v onnected to a vehiclephassis and,compris p p ng ashaft, a:plurality ofshock absorbing 11. A shockabsorbing device comprising i Ql l d I ,"a casing 63- "a shaft adaptedto be connected to a vehicle p said shock absorbing units and rochassis, a "coil spring having its inner end Qtatably-si1pport upon saidshaft and conconnected to saidsha'ftg, a pair of brake drum rsistingji fposedintelffin n g sections sections vfittedr o'n said shaft andenclosing aid ckabsofrbing;'units beingconnected" said spring, a brakeband disposed about WithQsaidjcaSing-anda single fierribl e connece saiddrum sections exteriorl-y' thereof and avingo end connected with saidcashaving the end portion connected; to the e pfposite end connectedthe, outer end of said spring,fa casing enclosing flvehiclerunninggeari1 said brake drum sections, meansfconne cting 6V NfQ T s g b wee theopposite end of said-brakeband t said {two relatively; ablem'eniberscomprising casing-and abelt disposed aboutsaid casing V acasingisupportedjfo rotation upon an axis and having one end adapted tobe connected fixed with respect toonei ofj said members, to tliervehiclerunning gear and its opposite i said-casingqand operatively connectedwith aforesaid pins, afiexibleelement extended 75 casingv for retardingits rotation. so

flexible element/extended ci l'cl linfelentialend connected to saidcasing. p

aboutthe. casingand having-itsopposite i 12. {A shock absorbingdevicecomprising ends connectedires actively to the casing ashaftadapted to. be connected to avehicle I and tothe ther o 7, saidQinembersiqvhereb} chassis, a;coi11 spring having its inner end uponrelative movement betweenjsaid memconnected to said shaft, a-pair'ofbrake drum bers he casing 'willbe.causedtorotate, and sections fitted on{said shaft and enclosing 1 0 nismi inside the casing for rotating itsaid spring, a brake, band disposed about I mfonedirection gand forretarding its. rota said drumisections exteriorlythereof, means [ition,:saidmechanismincluding acoil spring connecting said brake bandwith thejouter havinggone endjoonnected withoneiof said endof saidspring, acasing enclosing" said f movable men'ibers and'its oppositeendColl-r brake drum sections, a connection between ne'oted with abrake'band-within saidflcasin gz the opposite end of said brakeband and saidi} andfaconnecti be ween said brake band. casing and a belt connectedto, and disposed and-easing; r V fabout'said casingand adaptedjtlo becon- .,Azdeviceifo retard H g motion between f ne oted to avehiclerunning gear.

ivorelativelymovable-members comprising 1 13. Adevice for retarding themotion be- 11 apstndrcarriedby, o said, members, a tween tivorelatively'movable memberscom 'oiledsabout saldstud andhavingvone.prisinga vveatherproof,lubricant-tighticasends secnredthereto,acasingenclosing ing, a studcarried by'one of said members the; springandrotatably upported upon the dywhereon said-casing, is rotatable, a ingofopposed interengagspring enclose V; .y said casing and having'tendedthroughsaid sec one ofiits ends connected with said stud, a vbrake drum surrounding said spring, a brake band connected With said'casing and par-- tiallyfencirclingsaid brake drum-'exteriorly thereofand connected With-theoppositeend I, p a"ofjsaidspringyandconnectionsbetvveen the spectively to] said ipinandtovthe other of icasing and the. other oi said members of Ve'aforesaidmombersand mea'nsinside the ch .a nature that upon relativ'emovement i rotation. H 1. QbetWeen -s'aidfmembers the. casinglwillbenbetvveen rotated. i 7 V emberscoinprising 14.]A devicefo'r retardingthe motion beebarriedbyonetween.two relatively movable members and isaidfmembersea co pring surrounding comprising 'a'stud adaptedforconnection saidstud' and liaving one ,of itsfendssecured W1th one ofsa1dmovable members, a brake enclosing. the spring and fdrpmsurrounding saidstudand non-rotatably connected therewith, a coil spring arranged withinsaid brake drum and having its inner end secured to said stud, a brakeband wrapped about the exterior of said drum andhaving one of its endsconnected with the opposite end of said spring through acircumferentially extending space in the periphery of said drum and itsopposite end connected with said casing, and a belt having one endconnected with said casing and extending partially about said casing andhaving its free end adapted for connection with the other of saidmovable members.

15. A device for retarding movement between two relatively movablemembers and comprising a stud adapted forattachment to one of saidmovable members, a casing rotatably mounted on said stud, a coil springsurrounding said stud and having one end,

connected thereto, a brake drum non-rotatably connected with said studand surrounding said spring, a brake band having one end connected withsaid casing and partially encircling said brake drum exteriorly thereofand having its opposite end connected with the opposite end of saidspring and a connection between said casing and the other of saidmovable members of such a nature that upon relative movement betweensaid members the casing will be caused to rotate.

16. A device for retarding motion between two relatively movable memberscomprising a casing supported for rotation upon an axis fixed withrespect to one of sald members, a

connection between said casing and the other of said movable members ofsuch a nature that upon relative movement between said members thecasing will be caused to rotate,

mechanism for rotating said casing includmg a coil spring having one endfixed to said axis, a friction member surrounding said coil spring, abrake band extending about exteriorly thereof said friction memher andhaving one end connected with said casing and its opposite end connectedwith the opposite end of said spring.

17. In mechanism for retarding motion in one direction between tworelatively movable elements, a plurality of coaxially are ranged drumsadapted to be secured to one of said elements, a friction member incontact with said drums and adapted to be secured to said other element,and a spring so associated with one of said drums and said frictionmember as to tend to relatively move them in one direction, saidfriction member being entirely enclosed by a housing to which a flexibleelement is connected and said flexible element being also connected toone of said relatively movable ele ments.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

BONNIE L. MALLORY.

